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I believe I have finally solved the steaming exhaust problem

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brico

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Dec 25, 2013
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  1. OWNER - I own a Hatteras Yacht
Hatteras Model
37' CONVERTIBLE (1977 - 1982)
Today i got my marine engineer buddy to come over to see my (new to me boat) and I told him how ever since I got it, the Starboard engine has the steam slowly coming out at over 1500 RM and at WOT very little water comes out of the exhaust and a lot of steam is generated. I only run the engine at WOT for few minutes anyway. At the pre purchase inspection the raw water pump impeller was inspected and found in good condition with all blades intact.
Well, my buddy said, let's open up that oil cooler/heat exchanger that is on the raw water line going into the main Heat Exchanger. What do we find. A lot of impeller rubber blades stuck in there obviously restricting the water flow. When we removed it we also found few tubes clogged with scale and decomposed zinc anodes residue, but the main culprit was obviously the amount of rubber from impeller blades.
The Port engine oil cooler only had two broken off old zinc anodes stuck in there, but nowhere near the flow restriction as the rubber impeller blades on the Starboard side.
What we have concluded is that who ever replaced the broken impellers in the past should have known that missing blades could not have worked themselves out of the system but are stuck at the entrance to the oil cooler with tiny 2-3 mm tubes through which only thing that can flow is water, some mud and smaller bits/dust of decomposing zinc anodes. Any rubber bits from the raw water pump impeller would have got stuck there in the oil cooler and in turn reduced the the water flow to the main H/E.

I have taken both of the coolers home to try and chemically clean them. DD Manual calls for 1part Muriatic Acid 2 parts water and 1/2 pound of Oxalic acid for each 2.5 gallons of solution. Soak the H/E in until the bubbling stops, this usually lasts 30 seconds to a minute and then rinse with warm water.

How well does this solution actually clean the scale and hardened zinc anode bits in the tubes? Would diluted Muriatic Acid alone work without the need to add Oxalic Acid? Does 30 seconds to a minute in this solution really softens up and removes the scale? Any advice regarding effective chemical cleaning of the H/Es is much appreciated.
 
Glad to hear you found the source of the issue. Always a good feeling! You can use the muriatic acid as you described. An alternative (and much safer method on many level) is to unitize Phosphoric Acid. The details are described in Genesis's Heat Exchangers post in the Forum FAQ (link below). One additional bonus, you can do all of this in the boat and not have to dismantle the raw water side of the cooling system.

http://www.samsmarine.com/forums/showthread.php?1483-Genesis-Heat-Exchangers
 
You ask how well the acid cleans. I use the phosphoric (Ospho, Ace hardware) method. Flushed through in the boat and they come out as new, it is very effective.
 
I turned my mechanic onto phosphoric/oxalic mix. His comment was 'fantastic' or some such. The oxalic is a weak acid, but it has the capability to complex with some minerals which would not dissolve as readily in straight acid. It is toxic, but non volatile.

BTW, oxalic is the active ingredient in Y10, the hull cleaner. I add some oxalic to lemon juice to clean the ICW mustache; no special level but about a teaspoon per quart of lemon juice. Works great and not too aggressive on LPUs. Just rinse promptly.

Bobk
 
Just to close the loop on this topic i started. Today i bought a gallon of Zep - Shower tub and tile cleaner and soaked both of the oil coolers/heat exchangers for couple of hours and they came out spotlessly clean and shiny. Main ingredients are sulfamic acid and hydroxyacetic acid. Nowhere near as agresive and hard as Muriatic acid and results are astonishing.

The main point with these oil coolers though is that if you do find any of your raw water pump impeller blades missing, they are at the entrance of these coolers restricting the water flow to your main heat exchangers. If your zinc anode is missing, it probably broke off at the thread and is slowly disintegrating and if you shove in a new one it is slowly restricting the water flow.
 
A couple of comments:

The only way to remove water impeller bits is to remove the appropriate coolers/exchangers, at least for their first cleaning on "your watch." I pull mine every few years though I have to say that since their first cleaning with the DD-recommended solution, they have not been dirty/clogged and something like the phosphoric treatment run through the engine as is quite popular would probably work just fine though I have personally never done it.

The way to avoid any issues with impeller bits after the coolers have been externally cleaned and look new again, is to periodically remove/replace all the impellers. I do this as part of winterizing. I used to remove the old impellers every fall and install new impellers every spring. For the past few years I have been removing them in the fall, soaking them in hot water so they return to their original shape, and then carefully inspecting them. If they are OK (no cracks/cuts), I reinstall them in the spring but I install new ones every two years regardless. This way you know what the impeller's condition is and there are no surprises. Also, if you pull an impeller in the fall and it has missing parts, you know about it long before it really creates a problem and can correct it then or put it on the "to do" list for the spring.
 
Two comments:

Sulfamic acid is often used for descaling boilers. Moderately strong, non volatile. Hydroxyacetic acid is another of the 'complexing' acids. It is in the shower cleaners that I prefer and much less toxic than oxalic acid. Also less effective.

Re life of impellers, I change mine at 400 hours, once a year. At five hundred hours I find small cracks in the root of the blades when they are bent. Failure is just around the corner. BTW, that was just about the same on the small impellers on my Ford Lehman on the trawler.

Bobk
 

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